We don't know whether or not galby fuelled the spells to remove pain from the warriors however we do know that the varden can do exactly the same. Arya explains the process to Nasauda. Secondly we haven't actually got any proof that Galby has discovered any new branches of magic as the riders hadn't taught everything they knew before he lost his dragon he might just be rediscovering magic that people like Oromis already know.

It's not that the elves don't know about them, it's that they don't use them.
And galby wouldn't need to fuel the spells, he could word them so that the energy to sustain the spell would come from the soldier. And they weren't dead, he just supressed the part of their brain that registers pain so that they could keep fighting long after an ordinary person would have dropped dead.

If the elves dared not speak it, then that would mean they know about it.

Has Murtagh been and learned from the elves. His opinion is based on Galby's and Galby dosen't even know the exact location of Ellesmera. Considering this, it is unlikely that he knows what magic elves actually know so Murtagh's statement is entirely invalid.

Eragon probably has learned magic from the elves that Murtagh and Galby didn't.

Murtagh is stronger than Eragon simply because he has more eldunari, not because he knows more spells. The only magic that Murtagh used that Eragon didn't know that I can remember is when Murtagh healed thorn really quickly during eldest however it is likely Murtagh stored a healing spell in a gem and used that to heal thorn like he did in Brisingr.

Eragon could lift Murtagh and thorn in the air and bind them, however he would soon run out of energy and die. At the time Murtagh bound him and spahira Eragon was astonished at Murtagh's strength not what he could do with magic. Murtagh's strength is due to eldunari not special magic. Murtagh opinion is invalid as he has no idea what magic Saphira and Eragon have learnt.

Eragon's read an entire dictionary on the AL not to mention he can fluently speak the AL. I think it is unlikely that Eragon can't say 'hold the dragon and rider still'. Eragon's problem is that Murtagh is more powerful than him, not that Murtagh knows more of the AL. Murtagh is only more powerful because of the eldunari.

In fact Eragon could do it with no words at all that's right he wouldn't even need to say a spell even in his mind. This is a quote from Oromis to Eragon "And it means that if you would cast a spell for that which has no name in the ancient language, you can." pg 400 Eldest hardback chapter 'The Obliterator'. So Eragon can cast any spell he wishes. Murtagh's opinion is the same as Galby's and Galby has no idea what the elves know. It's Murtagh opinion and it could be wrong, Eragon's opinion of the Urgals certainly was.

Eragon could use a short spell like that to heal someone, but he would have to know the order of the words that was used.

And it's true, Murtagh is only stronger than Eragon in magic because of his Eldunaris.

And my theory about that stone he used when he healed Thorn is that it was an Eldunari from a baby dragon.

He can't think of the words to use, however Eragon dosen't even need the AL to cast a spell.

Swordsmanship I would think they're still about Equal.
Magic I think Murtagh is stronger but that Eragon knows more.

They are definitely still equal in swordsmanship. Galby was only able to change Murtagh's body to the extent that it could handle without breaking down.

When the dragon's changed Eragon, they made him a hybrid. He is now neither entirely human nor entirely elf, he says this himself in either Eldest or Brisingr. That is definitely more than what other human riders' experienced.

Eragon was scared because Murtagh had held him and Saphira still for over a minute and thwarted Eragon's counter spell and they only sign that Murtagh showed was a vein pulsing on his neck. Eragon was scared of how powerful Murtagh was (Eragon didn't know about the eldunari) Eragon was not scared about how much magic Murtagh knows. Any spell Murtagh can cast, Eragon can also cast, eragon dosen't even need to know the words of the spell to cast the spell whereas Murtagh does. Eragon can cast spells that can't actually be said in the ancient language and Murtagh can't I would say that that means that Eragon knows more about magic than Murtagh does.

Eragon can cast the same spells that Murtagh can, he would just have to use more AL words to do it, because he doens't know what word combinations Murtagh is using to shorten the spell. That does not mean that Murtagh knows more words in the AL than him.

He can do the exact same things that Murtagh can. They could know the exact same words, but Murtagh would be able to use a spell faster, because he knows a shorter combination of words for that spell than Eragon. Eragon would have to use a longer combination for the exact same spell even though he knows the words Murtagh used, but not the order in which he said them.

Now do you understand what I'm saying?

Just to Saphiraox's point, both me and you speak English fluently we might come up with completely different ways to say the same thing and one of the those ways of saying that thing would be shorter but that would not mean the the person who constructed the shorter argument spoke more English. We would still know the same amount of English.

Yes we can say he knows the words that Murtagh does, Eragon has read the the elven dictionary on the Al and seeing as it is basically the elven language they know almost all of the words. Eragon has rider training that Galby hasn't had much less Murtagh, this knowledge had been gathered over thousands of years so it is highly unlikely that Galby has discovered even a fraction of it. Your evidence for Murtagh knowing more magic than eragon is very flimsy and is based on one or two spells that he cast in Eldest, depending on your interpretation these don't even show that Murtagh knows more than Eragon. Murtagh may have just thought of a different combination of words or stored the spell in a stone like Murtagh did the second time he fought Eragon. Secondly any spell Murtagh can cast Eragon can cast even if eragon dosen't know the words for the spell. However Murtagh can't cast all the spells Eragon can as Eragon can cast spells that can't be said in the AL and Murtagh relies on the AL. I would say that this means that Eragon knows more magic than Murtagh.

1. We do know the dictionary contained a lot of words as it is described as massive.
2. Oromis only ever once tells Eragon that he is not ready for specific knowledge and that was when Eragon asked were Galby got his strength from. Oromis categorically states that some of the knowledge that he has taught Eragon would normally not be taught to novice riders, Galby was still a novice rider when his dragon was killed, so would not have been taught these secrets.
3. Hundreds of riders discovered and recorded the most advanced techniques over thousands of years. Most of the these techniques weren't taught to novice riders which means that Galby won't have been taught them as he was a still a novice rider when his dragon died. I think it is a little silly to suggest that Galby discovered all or even most of these techniques it little more than a hundred years especially when according to Oromis he spent the majority of his time forcing the dragons in his eldunari to bend to his will.

Which is why the Eldunari were the only reasons Murtagh was able to keep it up.

And remember, Eragon now has the Eldunari of an ancient dragon as well. So even if Galby knows things that Eragon didn't before, he will learn them now.

I have almost no ideas on how eragon will separate Galby from the eldunari but I think it is likely to have something to do with the RoK.

Lol, gomenesigh, I was saying that whatever the dragons that Galby has know, Glaedr will know. If there's anything that they know, and consequently Galbatorix, then Glaedr will be able to teach it to Eragon, if he doesn't already know about it and how to do it.

[b]And I'm saying that is impossible because Galby has Eldunari's that are older than Glaedr and some that know much more knowledge.[/b]

Exactly, Glaedr was old enough that those ancient dragons would have taught him what they knew. And when the Riders fell, Glaedr and Oromis were already considered old enough and wise enough to teach. So that would mean he knew everything the dragons older than him knew, because he was the teacher and no longer the student.

You just said that the older Eldunari helped and taught the younger generations, gomenesigh. So that means some of them would have taught Glaedr. And eventually he became one of the teachers, which meant that he knew everything they knew.

I don't think they would spend their time pondering about things that might possibly help the man that was enslaving them.

If it was me, I'd spend my time thinking of very creative, very painful things I'd like to do to Galby if I could move.

Or they wouldn't as phrases in the AL are only binding if spoken and none of the eldunari can 'speak'.

Not really, you can twist the truth in the Al whether you're speaking aloud or with your mind. (By twisting, I mean witholding certain things, sort of like the elves do.) Either way it's binding if you speak it or think it.

The Al is only binding because you have to tell the truth if you say you won't harm something you are bound by your word. You cannot say lies in the Al however you can think things which are untrue if you couldn't then the elves wouldn't have any fiction. So clearly what you think in the Al isn't binding.

If you're referring to that story that Eragon wrote for the Agaeti Blodhren, he was only able to write it in the AL because it was based on things that really happened and he believed it to be true. You can't say things that are untrue in the AL, but you don't have to tell the whole truth. If you make an oath in the AL using your tn, then it's as binding as an oath can be, unless your true name changes.

And seeing as the Eldunari can't speaky think they can't make any promises in the Al. Remember oathes have to be spoken out loud.

Yeah, that's what I meant. If you make an oath in the AL using your tn, then it's unbreakable, unless your tn changes. It doesn't matter if you say it out loud or in your mind.

I haven't had the time to sift through 13 pages but I imagine what your suggest would be possible for a very small amount of time and take masses of energy to maintain with galbatorix battering eragon with power from his eldunari.